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Human Trafficking: Causes, Types and Interventions

Paper Type: Free Essay Subject: Criminology
Wordcount: 2979 words Published: 8th Feb 2020

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Being Raptured from Your Own Life

Human trafficking has a significant impact on society and the confusion between prostitution, and human trafficking is harmful which causes misconceptions and doesn’t help the victim. After so long, it continues, and people pay no mind to its prevalence around the world, it’s not a right to have humans captured. Human trafficking involves not only women but also kids’ adults.  Human trafficking affects the lives of others. My opinion about human trafficking is that it is cruel and human traffickers have no type of sympathy.

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How does human trafficking still exist and it’s still not an end to it? Human Trafficking started back in the 1900’s it’s been going on. As the years have gone by its only gotten worse.  Throughout all the years that have past human trafficking is mostly known to happen to a woman, but it can happen to anyone at any time. It’s crazy because, since the 1900s, it’s existed, and we have still not put an end to it; we quietly haven’t found the solutions to our problem. The San Francisco Bay Area mostly is known for human trafficking like in Sacramento where you least expect it. For example, the victims of child trafficking can be used and abused over and over. In the article, “Children at Risk: Foster Care and Human Trafficking” by Cham Springer, the author states the following, “$32 billion-a-year industry, human trafficking is on the rise and is in all 50 states (U.S. Government). 4.5Million of trafficked persons are sexually exploited. Up to 300,000 Americans under 18 are lured into the commercial sex trade every year. This was last year July 31, 2017. In 2016, the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children estimated that 1 in 6 endangered runaways reported to them were likely sex trafficking victims. Globally, the International Labor Organization estimates that there are 4.5 million people trapped in forced sexual exploitation globally. During the days President Obama has called the fight against human trafficking one of the great human rights causes of our time. Though statistics vary widely, human trafficking is estimated to impact between 600,000 and 800,000 people worldwide. While more research is needed on the scope of human trafficking, below are a few vital statistics: The International Labor Organization estimates that there are 40.3 million victims of human trafficking globally. 81% of them are trapped in forced labor. 25% of them are children. 75% are women and girls.”

Not only adults are part of human trafficking, but as well as kids. “There were also some reports of organ trafficking and other closely related human rights violations, such as child marriage, child soldiering, and exploitative intercountry adoption.” Alpha Public Associations, Human trafficking is all around the world, and there are different types of human trafficking not only physically. By all means Secondly, it can affect the way you see people because it can cause trauma. Meaning they can’t trust anybody, and they’ll think every person will want to cause harm to them.  This shows that human trafficking is often confused with smuggling, which involves the consensual but illegal transportation of a human across a national border. The negative health consequences of human trafficking are well established and include neurologic, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, dermatological, reproductive, sexual, dental, and mental health problems. According to the article “Human trafficking has a wide-reaching social impact” by Erin Weaver she states “For millions of people around the world, this fear is real. According to Initiative Against Sexual Trafficking, it is estimated that somewhere between 700,000 and four million women, children and men are trafficked each year, and no region is unaffected. “Montgomerynews.com.” Montgomery News, 18 Jan. 2014, www.montgomerynews.com/. “There’re different types of human trafficking like Child Labor: Child labor refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mental, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful. The second one is Child Sex Trafficking Thousands of children are lured, sold, or kidnapped for sexual exploitation in hotels, nightclubs, brothels, massage parlors, private residences, on sex tours e.t.c. Annually. Sex trafficking has devastating consequences for minors, including long-lasting physical and psychological trauma, disease (including HIV/AIDS), drug addiction, unwanted pregnancy, malnutrition, social ostracism, and sometimes death. As well as Debt Bondage meaning Bonded labor is similar to slavery because it involves a debt that cannot be paid off in a reasonable time. The employer/enforcer artificially inflates the amount of debt, often adding exorbitant interest or charges for living expenses, deducting little or nothing from the deficit and increasing the amount of time the individual must work. It is a cycle of debt where there is no hope for freedom. Involuntary Domestic Servitude Involuntary servitude occurs when a domestic worker becomes entangled in an exploitative situation, they are unable to escape.”

Typically, in the richer areas as known as the private homes, they are forced to work for little or no pay meanwhile having boundaries of their employer’s properties. This isolation keeps them from contacting with their families or any other type of support network increasing the chances of psychological, physical, and sexual abuse. Having Child Soldiers is illegal and to recruit such as minors, known for being under the age of 18. Victims would be known as messengers, sex slaves/wives, servants, or cooks.

Can a foster care be a safe place for kids? Children are most vulnerable to human Trafficking especially found in foster homes because they don’t have anyone to look out for them and protect them as parents would. This shows that kids should feel safe at a foster care just because the government runs it, but since they have no home or family, it’s sad to say don’t feel as safe as in a home. It’s most common in kids because they have no type of support system.  Smaller communities as known as the “ghetto” is where human trafficking is mostly known because that’s where drug dealers and trap lords and the big mafia usually meets and runs their business.  To prevent it from happening, we should see how we act towards people and how we as a community can help the victims out and get together. This is important because People are scared to ask for help because of what they might say or do.  In other words, the victims are usually afraid to seek help. As well as woman is known to be ‘pimped’ and feel trapped, because they think it’s their fault, sometimes in most cases, they blame themselves for looking the way they do or just because the way they might dress.

Human trafficking has been a huge change worldwide and made it into a social impact. The victim is stripped entirely of rights, freedom, and humanity. This is important because it’s violating our rights as known as the first amendment, as a citizen. Secondly, Women are mostly a big part of human trafficking; women are physically branded with a tattoo marking them as their pimp’s property. This shows that in most cases Women are the highest for being human captured or prostitution. Lastly, trafficking is the second largest and fastest growing criminal industry in the world, and its success is mostly dependent on a lack of awareness by the community.  This is important because Our society is so much focused on other things, then on reality and what goes on.  It makes a social impact on our community because not a lot of people know about human trafficking and how it can ruin someone’s life, where even then sometimes they want to take their own lives. In the article “Croatia, Slovenia Police Bust Human Trafficking Operation” by The associated press comments that “victims of trafficking often experience harsh physical impacts due to excessive work or the use of force by traffickers. Anxiety, insecurity, fear, and trauma are all products of trafficking. Several studies indicate high levels of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in formerly trafficked persons.” Also, victims may start using drugs as a way to release their stress or forget about what they went through, for example, Disorders of Extreme Stress (DESNOS). They also comment “In addition to these diagnoses, many victims of sex trafficking also have secondary psychological issues such as alcohol and drug abuse plus concurrent medical illnesses, which add to the psychological burden that sex trafficked victims endure. Mental health interventions often focus on identifying potential victims in healthcare centers and public places such as shopping malls or at truck stops. The problem, however, is that once a sex trafficked person is rescued, there are no prospective clinical trials to guide therapy; often by default, trauma-based cognitive behavioral therapy is used; such approaches may not be useful for those with DESNOS.” This type of sickness or trauma you can quickly get because being captured from living your own life is not easy.

Some may argue that Human trafficking and prostitution are the same things, but it’s not. However, this is not entirely right another side to the argument would show that it happens to anyone and it continues; prostitution is a choice, and sometimes people do it because there’s no other way out unlike human trafficking where one is captured from being a human. There are many causes of human trafficking specially founded in Cambodia. Poverty is an important factor which has increased women and children’s vulnerability to human traffickers particularly the poor and unemployed due to their willingness to join or their low level of awareness on the dangers associated with human trafficking. When you come from a low-income family, you can’t expect a good future especially when it’s in a state like Cambodia. Sometimes family’s may sell their kids or even themselves, so they can benefit from it because they’re so weak. In countries the economic system has been so bad that it left many people jobless. Those that are desperate and feel as if no way out gets lured and deceived by traffickers. Some people want to become wealthy or get rich right away. Those who end up in the hands of traffickers are due to the Poor economic system: causes the citizens to want to travel and look for better opportunities. Human Trafficking has become somehow a massive business industry all around the world, therefore luring individuals with criminal minds to join. The causes to things like this might be having a Low self-esteem: Some people don’t have self-esteem either they weren’t thought from what’s right and what’s wrong. People believed that traveling was the only way to make it through life struggles and obstacles. Poverty was a bigger problem especially to the bigger families with a large number of children might have had health problems and wasn’t able to care for all their children.

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They end up giving out some of their children for adoption or to the maids and in cases like this is where children fall into the hands of traffickers. In the article “Public Health Research Priorities to Address U.S Human Trafficking” by the American Public Association they state  “The average age a teen enters the sex trade in the U.S. is 12 to 14-year-old. Many victims are runaway girls who were sexually abused as children. California harbors 3 of the FBI’s 13 highest child sex trafficking areas on the nation: Los Angeles, San Francisco, and San Diego. The National Human Trafficking Hotline receives more calls from Texas than any other state in the US. 15% of those calls are from the Dallas-Fort Worth area. Between 14,500 and 17,500 people are trafficked into the U.S. each year. Human trafficking is the third largest international crime industry (behind illegal drugs and arms trafficking). It reportedly generates a profit of $32 billion every year. Of that number, $15.5 billion is made in industrialized countries. The International Labor Organization estimates that women and girls represent the largest share of forced labor victims with 11.4 million trafficked victims (55%) compared to 9.5 million (45%) men. Globally, the average cost of a slave is $90. Trafficking primarily involves exploitation which comes in many forms, including forcing victims into prostitution, subjecting victims to slavery or involuntary servitude and compelling victims to commit sex acts to create pornography. According to some estimates, approximately 80% of trafficking involves sexual exploitation, and 19% involves labor exploitation. There are about 20 to 30 million slaves in the world today. According to the U.S. State Department, 600,000 to 800,000 people are trafficked across international borders every year, of which 80% are female, and half are children.” Though Human Trafficking is a significant problem, many solutions exist.  Seek for victims and help them out by letting them know they’re not alone and show them they have a support system. Give them love and respect that they’re not different from all of us. Share to the world that human trafficking hasn’t been resolved and only gets worse throughout the years, spread the word. Make a change for the better.  Make organizations that help the victims get together with them they’re all over the bay area. There are already different types of organizations these seven organizations caught my eye because it’s all around the world, the first one will be Trafficking Policy and Advocacy: Polaris Project, Prajwala Statelessness and Child Trafficking: Cosa, Child Labor, and the issue of Choice: The Empower Foundation. Other possible solutions would be Create an awareness-raising event to view and discuss the films about human trafficking. An example would be trying to learn how modern slavery exists today watch a documentary that investigates human trafficking. In such programs such as CNN’s Freedom Project for the different types of stories and different forms of human trafficking around the world. Create a fundraiser or an event and donate to anti-trafficking organizations. Encourage your local schools to teach students about human trafficking and the dangers to it.

According to the article “Decreasing Human Trafficking through Sex Work Decriminalization” by Emily F. Rothman ScD, Hanni Stoklosa MD, MPH, Susie B. Baldwin MD, MPH, they state Health Care Providers: “Learn how to identify the indicators of human trafficking and assist victims. With assistance from anti-trafficking organizations, extend low-cost or free services to human trafficking victims. Journalists: The media plays an enormous role in shaping perceptions and guiding the public conversation about human trafficking. Here are some media best practices on how to effectively and responsibly report stories on human trafficking. Attorneys: Offer human trafficking victims legal services, including support for those seeking benefits or special immigration status. Resources are available for attorneys representing victims of human trafficking”. Human trafficking is essential to our society because it can be harmful to a person and it’s something that can happen to anyone. It can affect their Health: women and children are exposed to getting diseases such as having HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections, with that being said spreading the diseases among broader society.

Victims that went through the horrific experience of human trafficking have no freedoms, and experience negative things such as trauma, nightmares, and deprivation as well as torture.  These kinds of conditions often lead to trauma. My opinion matters because we don’t hear it on the daily news what the victims go through or who they are. I think we should all be able to be heard because of our voice matters. To fix this problem, we need to start helping one another out and making sure our community is safe, especially foster cares like having the right security making sure everyone gets a background check so that you won’t be any harm to the kids.

Works Cited

  • Emily F. Rothman ScD, Hanni Stoklosa MD, MPH, Susie B. Baldwin MD, MPH, Makini Chisolm-Straker MD, MPH, Rumi Kato Price Ph.D., MPE, and Holly G. Atkinson MD
  • Erin Albright, JD, and Kate D’Amato, MA “Decreasing Human Trafficking through Sex
  • Work Decriminalization” AMA journal, January 2017, http://journalofethics.ama-assn.org
  • Erin Weaver, “Human trafficking has a wide-reaching social impact” Montgomery News, Jan 18, 2014, http://www.montgomerynews.com
  • Jody R. Lori “Human Trafficking in Ethiopia: A Scoping Review to Identify Gaps in Service Delivery, Research, and Policy” Sage Journals, 31 March 2016, http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1524838016641670
  • Madeline Hannan, Kathryn Martin, Kimberly Caceres, Nina Aledort “Children at Risk: Foster Care and Human Trafficking” Springer Cham, 3 February 2017, https://link.springer.com/
  • “Public Health Research Priorities to Address U.S Human Trafficking” American Public Association, 7 June 2017, http://ajph.aphapublications.org
  • The Associated Press “Croatia, Slovenia Police Bust Human Trafficking Operation” NY times, 20 January 2018, https://www.nytimes.com

 

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